1900-1903 art school in Breslau. 1903-1911 Baden state art school and academy, Karlsruhe. Wilhelm Trübner's master class. 1911 moves to Frankfurt am Main. Atelier in the studio building of the Städel School until 1944. Friendships with Hans Thoma and Wilhelm Steinhausen. 1946 atelier in the Boehlehaus, Frankfurt am Main.